Ore dilution (contamination of ore by waste rock) is a major concern when mining steeply dipping narrow-vein deposits. Dilution leads to the mixing of ore with barren waste or minerals below the cut-off grade during the mining process (Jang et al. 2015; Clark 1998; Wright 1983) which lowers the mill recovery
The instability of slopes and ground subsidence caused by the conversion from open-pit to underground mining are important aspects of mining disaster research. This study focuses on the instability of slopes and ground subsidence during the conversion from open-pit to underground mining in the Beiyi mining area of the Shilu iron ore mine. Using numerical …
Ground pressure management are activities carried out in the process of ore body mining according to different mining technical conditions and mining methods in order to realize the target of ground pressure control, such as decision …
The problem of high stress conditions is a critical challenge for mining activity in deep metal mines, and the difficulty and economic cost of maintaining stope stability also increases.
ground or strata failure – slope stability within the open cut coal industry, the overall program plan was split into three stages. This report summarises the assessment findings from stage one of the program, ... Ground or Strata Principal Mining Hazard management plans were often found to be current and had clearly defined the necessary ...
Cemented rock fill (CRF) is commonly used in cut-and-fill stoping operations in underground mining. This allows for the maximum recovery of ore. Backfilling can improve stope stability in underground workings and then …
Assessment Program – Ground or strata failure and slope stability – surface coal operations 1 . September 2020 . The principal mining hazard of ground or strata failure can occur through various mechanisms at surface mining operations and therefore potentially place workers at risk if not controlled effectively.
The stability of slopes and underground excavations is generally affected by the geologic structure that exists in the rock mass, and whether or not the influence of these has been adequately assessed. ... natural slopes and the hill-shaped geometry and unconsolidated top later of tailing dams amplifies the horizontal peak ground velocity by ...
Backfilling can improve stope stability in underground workings and then improve ground stability of the whole mine site. However, backfilling step scenarios vary from site to site. This paper presents the investigation of five …
Introduction. Downward backfill mining method reveals significant advantages in the mining technology of unstable or high-value ore deposits. However, there are still some urgent challenges on the regarding the engineering application of this technology, such as large labor intensity, high support cost, and poor ventilation condition 1, 2.For the purpose of exploring an …
The strong disturbance caused by excavating ore-bearing rocks may trigger ground-pressure-induced disasters, and the associated disaster mechanism is more complex. In the mining of deep metal orebodies, stope stability has been a crucial factor restricting mining safety.
Over the years, researchers have devised various empirical graphs to facilitate stope designs, including the RMR critical span graph, Q critical span graph, and stability graph. 13 These graphs, as depicted in Fig. 2, are developed based on rock masses and stope behaviors under diverse mining conditions.The widespread adoption of rock mass quality classification …
A mining method is a specific process or technique used to extract ore from the ground in a safe and efficient manner. "Ore" in this context refers to rock that contains enough target mineral(s) that makes it economic to mine and process. ... Safety considerations: Including risk assessments around geotechnical stability, mining rate ...
Design of a final pit limit is thus governed not only by the ore grade distribution and the production cost, but also by the overall rock mass strength and stability. 1.1 Objective The main objective of the study is to study the stability of slope using numerical modelling with varying depth and angle of slope in iron ore mining.
The stability coefficient currently incorporates factors such as rock mass quality, mining-induced stress, joint orientation, and gravity. However, field investigations have shown …
This study summarizes the experience of conducting and maintaining mining operations in unstable zones in mines in Kazakhstan, assessing the mining and geological technical conditions of their operation under difficult mining and geological conditions. A field study and analytical modeling with an assessment of the stability of the boundary mass using …
Abstract: The mining industry is pushing the boundaries in the application of cave mining with challenging ore bodies and ground conditions, production ramp-up, and higher throughput. With this, monitoring technologies need to progress to enable management of the associated geotechnical risks. Alongside recent advancements, wireless in-ground monitoring systems …
geological investigation, the altitude of ore body No. I is between +16m and -1000m, and that of ore body No. II between + 70m and -719m. The outcrop of ore body No. II can be seen on the ground surface. Therefore, it has under-gone large-scale private mining in the early mining stage. The private mining activities has reached deeply the altitude a
The primary aim of every twenty-first century mining operation is to extract as much ore as possible in a safe and economical manner. Failure in mine excavation occurs when the shear stress acting on the rock is greater than the shear strength of the rock mass. The stability of rock slopes in open-pit mine and quarry operations is extremely important from both economic and …
Konkola Copper Mine's Number 4 Shaft is a trackless underground mine applying sublevel open stoping (SLOS) mining method. Number 4 shaft wants to increase ore production from 1 million metric tonnes per annum to 3 million metric tonnes per annum in the next 5 years but ore recovery is 70% or less and dilution is 20% or more.
Proposed an innovative analysis of ground behaviour and ground management strategies in deep underground mining. Developed ground support system design in static and dynamic conditions. Evaluation of stress …
ground stability or be influenced by ground movement. Safety and health representatives and workers who need to understand the risks associated . with ground movement hazards may also find this guideline useful. The guideline is written to accommodate diverse mining scenarios from small sand pits and . quarries through to large surface ...
The Mathews stability chart method and the UBC limit span method are used to evaluate the stability of the input mining parameters at the current evaluation point. The …
historical mining leading to the present shaft pillar and (2) future mining of the ore reserve in the shaft pillar. The results indicated that the Ross shaft remained in elastic ground and that no large, catastrophic ground failures were likely. Hence, the proposed pillar mining plan was safe. In this second RI (part 2), instrument calibration and
This work describes the development, implementation, and validation of an index (Bench Stability Index, BSI) to evaluate the design and construction of bench berms in open pit mines based on the rock engineering system (RES). Stability at bench scale was initially defined using ten parameters for the RES interaction matrix. To implement and verify the RES-based …
The safety of mining is closely associated with the process of drilling, blasting, ventilation, roadway support and slope stability under the ground (Onifade et al., 2023).However, ensuring the seamless execution of these processes goes beyond technical knowledge; it necessitates a comprehensive and meticulous feasibility analysis.
Ore dilution is a fundamental problem for the production process in underground mining operations. Especially in open stoping methods of underground mining, the continuous …
The onsite trial is carried out in S3 stope at 1480 m using the recommended stope structural parameters, where all the stresses of the ore pillars meet the strength requirements of the ore rock, and the pillars ensures …
The conclusions of this study can provide a theoretical and technical basis for safe mining of large-scale isolated stopes, improving the ore recovery rate and realizing the cleaner …
The problem of high stress conditions is a critical challenge for mining activity in deep metal mines, and the difficulty and economic cost of maintaining stope stability also increases. In order to ensure stope stability in the mining process, it is necessary to evaluate stope stability for a more stable stope structure. However, there are many kinds of methods for …
Hard rock pillar is a crucial rock mass structure to maintain the stability of underground mine. It needs of special attention to analyze its stability from the point of rock mass quality.
The stability of slopes in mining areas is paramount to ensure the safety of personnel, the longevity of mining activities, and the protection of the environment. This article delves into the challenges associated with slope stability in mining and explores innovative solutions to mitigate these risks. Understanding Slope Stability
The mining of the part of the inclined ore body below a goaf is crucial for improving resource extraction and safe production. In this study, the cementation properties of crushed stone during the mining of the inclined ore body were investigated by means of laboratory experiments, theoretical analysis, and numerical simulation. Additionally, orthogonal …
This study ensures the stability of the bottom structure in the mining process and obtained reasonable parameters of the extracted ore drift, which provides a scientific way for the mines...
Backfill is often employed in mining operations for ground support, with its positive impact on ground stability acknowledged in many underground mines. However, existing studies have predominantly focused only on the stress development within the backfill material, leaving the influence of stope backfilling on stress distribution in ...